Aim: Citrullus lanatus is a fruit that is commonly consumed for its pulp, however insufficiently since its other parts (seed and rind) are discarded, and it may contain bioactive substances that can help treat some diseases. As a result, the goal of this study was to compare the nutritional composition and antioxidant capabilities of the seed, pulp, and rind of C. lanatus in order to guide the inclusion of these distinct portions into people's diets.
The proximate, phytochemical, vitamin, mineral, and antioxidant characteristics of the fruit portions were determined using standard analytical procedures developed by the Association of Official Analytical Chemists. Student's t-test at.05. was used to assess the results.
The pulp (93.34 +/-.82) had the highest moisture value, followed by the rind (77.11 +/- 3.44) and the seed (10.00 +/-.48) in the proximate analysis. The seed has the highest crude protein and fibre content, followed by the rind and pulp. Potassium was found to be more plentiful in the rind (452.31mg/kg) than in the seed (305.7mg/kg) or the pulp (100.5mg/kg), calcium was found to be more abundant in the rind (292.61mg/kg) than in the pulp (257.21mg/kg) or seed (227.45mg/kg), and manganese was the least concentrated mineral. The largest concentration of cardiac glycosides was found in the seed (14.82 +/-.66) compared to the rind (1.95 +/- 0.80) and pulp (1.10 +/- 0.17), followed by saponins in the rind (12.05 +/- 3.91) compared to the seed (10.17 +/- 0.63) and pulp (.13 +/-.01). The seed was the most effective at scavenging DPPH, followed by the rind and pulp. The seed also had stronger reducing power and lipid peroxidation capacity than the other fruit parts, indicating that C. lanatus fruit components had a robust antioxidant capability.
Conclusion: The findings suggest that, in addition to the pulp, both the seed and rind of C. lanatus can be good sources of nutritional, phytochemical, and antioxidant components, and that they may be implicated in the management of specific disorders with future evidence-based study.
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