Introduction: With 10 million new cases per year, tuberculosis (TB) continues to be a major contributor to global disability adjusted life years. Understanding the variables that cause TB to spread, especially in endemic areas, is essential for efficient TB control.
The goal of this study was to see if there was a link between socio-demographic characteristics and nutritional status among persons in Calabar, Nigeria, who had pulmonary tuberculosis.
Methods: A descriptive analysis of 81 clinically diagnosed pulmonary tuberculosis patients who satisfied the eligibility criteria in a randomised controlled trial. Sociodemographic, clinical, nutritional, anthropometric, haematological, and serum concentrations of micronutrients were all evaluated. The data was given in the form of frequencies, percentages, tables, and graphs. At the 5% level, the Chi-square (2) test was used to evaluate if there were any associations between variables, while the Pearson Connection test was used to assess whether there was any correlation between variables. The significance of tests was determined using the P-value.Results: Using BMI as a proxy for nutritional status, 33.4 percent of patients were undernourished, with no significant gender differences (p=0.254). Undernutrition was shown to be statistically substantially linked with income level (p=0.021), with those in the low-income category being the most vulnerable. Low serum ascorbate, zinc, and retinol were all independently related with low BMI, according to a correlation analysis of important factors. These connections were found to be statistically significant (p0.05). Undernutrition was shown to be linked to singleness (p=0.060). Patients with low functional status, as measured by a Karnofsky score of less than 50%, were more likely to be from low-income families.Conclusion: Patients in the low-income group had a larger proportion of lower-range haemoglobin, protein parameters, serum ascorbate, zinc, and retinol concentrations, all of which were termed inadequate. As a result, for successful TB control, poverty alleviation methods should be given top priority in TB programmes.
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