The goal of this study was to see if artesunate was nephrotoxic or hepatotoxic in people.
Between November and December 2019, at the Department of Biochemistry, Michael Okpara University of Agriculture, Umudike, Abia State, Nigeria.
Methodology: Blood samples were taken from 35 healthy people (control group) and 35 malaria patients who had received parenteral artesunate therapy (treatment group). Biochemical markers such as blood urea nitrogen (BUN), creatinine, total bilirubin, aspartate transaminase (AST), alanine transaminase (ALT), and alkaline phosphatase were measured in these samples (ALP). The treatment group was further divided by gender (19 males and 16 females), age (20 patients aged 20-29 and 15 patients aged 30-40 years), and treatment duration (20 patients aged 20-29 and 15 patients aged 30-40 years) (29 patients on 3rd or 4th day and 6 patients on 5th or 6th day of treatment). Standard Randox test kits were used to conduct biochemical assays. The parameters were compared using a one-way ANOVA in the statistical programme for social sciences (SPSS).
Results: When compared to the control group, the treatment group showed significant increases (p0.05) in BUN (15.89+1.30 against 11.69+0.62), Creatinine (0.96+0.62 against 0.82+0.03), and AST (22.14+2.45 against 16.66+0.85), a non-significant increase (p 0.05) in ALT (26.57+3.18 against 21.66+2.56) and ALP (85.31+4.06 against 77.54 All of the parameters analysed, however, were within normal limits. In a study of gender, age, and treatment duration, no significant association was detected in any parameter.
Conclusion: Because all of the measures tested were within normal limits, artesunate at the approved dosage and for the recommended time may not have a substantial deleterious effect on the kidneys or liver. However, more research is needed to determine if the reported increases are entirely due to artesunate or other drugs administered by the malaria patients.
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