In Kenya's semi-arid Mwala Sub County, an on-farm experiment was conducted to analyse the short-term financial rewards of different tillage methods and cropping systems across four cropping seasons. Disc ploughing (DP), Disc ploughing and Harrowing (DPH), Ox-ploughing (OX), Subsoiling – Ripping (SSR), Hand hoeing with Tied Ridges (HTR), and Hand hoeing just (H) were the tillage treatments. In a Split-Plot Design with four replications, three cropping systems were investigated: sole maize (SM), sole bean (SB), and maize-bean intercrop (M + B). The financial returns were calculated using input and output prices collected from local marketplaces. Higher net returns were recorded in DPH (USD 1165), DP (USD 1014), and SSR across all tillage techniques (USD 866). Intercrop (USD 1051) and sole bean (USD 954) demonstrated larger advantages than sole maize in cropping systems (USD 692). According to marginal analysis, it is economically viable to offer the SSR with lone bean systems to farmers in Mwala Sub County since it produces a higher BCR (> 2) and an MRR (> 100 percent) that most farmers are satisfied with.
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