Previously, the agricultural sector was more concerned with increasing agronomic yields than with improving food nutritional quality. To fulfil the expanding population's energy demands, the Green Revolution dramatically increased food output, particularly rice, wheat, and maize. More than 2 billion people worldwide suffer from an insidious kind of insufficiency known as micronutrient malnutrition as a result of the prevalence of cereal-based staples that are essentially poor in micronutrients, notably Zn and Fe. Micronutrient deficiency, even in little levels, can have an impact on cognitive development, illness resistance, and the likelihood of women dying during delivery. The use of micronutrient fertilisation has been found to increase staple crop productivity and nutritional content. Agronomic biofortification is a quick and effective way to boost micronutrient accumulation in cereals, notably Zn and Fe. To enable proper nutrient absorption, a sufficient number of plant-available micronutrients is required. Due to the production of less soluble Zn complexes with sulphate and carbonate in most cereals grown in soils deficient in Zn and under reduced conditions of rice ecology, its availability is limited. The type of fertiliser used, as well as the time and manner of delivery, are crucial for improving Zn and Fe grain quality. Application of synthetic chelated micronutrient fertilisers and/or organic fertilisers fortified with micronutrients in combination with NPK can improve the effectiveness of agronomic biofortification, ensuring proper nourishment of crops with adequate nutrient supply through slow release of nutrients in soil solution. In addition, foliar treatment has had greater outcomes than soil application. According to previous research, Zn fertilisation not only increases Zn content in grain but also improves maize crop performance overall. Accessibility, fast results, ease of application, and long-term sustainability are all advantages of agronomic biofortification of crops.
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