Pesticides have a significant negative influence on the environment and human health. The current research examines the teratogenic effects of the pesticides chlorpyrifos (CPF) and glyphosate (GLY) on pregnant rats and their offspring during pregnancy and lactation. The pesticides (CPF and GLY) were given to the female rats at a dose of 10 mg/kg during their pregnancy. Pesticide-exposed pregnant rats' biochemical indicators and lipid profile were examined. The maternal and reproductive outcomes were also evaluated, followed by morphometric examination of rat pups. In pesticide-exposed groups, there was a substantial change in blood glucose, triglycerides, total cholesterol, SGOT, and SGPT levels. When rat neonates were compared to control animals, the pesticide treated group had substantially reduced body weight, crown-rump length, eye length, eye breadth, hind limb, and forelimb size. In pesticide-exposed rat neonates, morphological abnormalities such as microcephaly, microtia, micromelia, dysmorphogenesis, altered axis abdominal, and brain haemorrhages were identified. The CPF-exposed group's skeletons display disruptive deformities, wavy ribs, and a bent spinal cord. In the GLY-treated group of 21-day-old rat pups, intraventricular and spinal cord haemorrhages were found. The current study's findings suggest that pesticide exposure during pregnancy induces morphological defects in rat foetuses through changing the systems involved in growth and development. As a consequence of the findings, we concluded that CPF and GLY have teratogenic effects in rats.
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